Discrimination on the Border :: Essays Papers

Discrimination on the BorderIntroductionFor over 250,000 women that work in Mexicos maquiladora sectors the lack of enforced perseverance laws is a harsh reality. They are discriminated against because of their gender. The Mexican government fails to recognize and enforce the labor laws that protect women from pregnancy testing and other discriminatory treatment. Unfortunately, this isnt the nevertheless problem. The companies that own these factories are also to blame for their lack of interest in their employees rights. The Mexican government fails to recognize the problem and so do the owners of these maquiladoras. Why does gestation period Discrimination occur?There are many reasons that pregnancy discrimination occurs. Most of them are financially related. Many employers of maquiladoras say that they do not involve pregnant women because they want to avoid the cost of maternalism benefits (HRW). Under Mexicos federal labor code pregnant workers are allowed 6 weeks pa id maternity leave before birth and 6 weeks after. While on maternity leave, women buzz off the right to keep their jobs as well as the other rights they have acquired under their labor contract. Maquiladora operators also claim that women are not really seeking work, but company funded maternity benefits (HRW). Maquiladora employers also state that paying for an employee that is on maternity leave and not working isnt a financially sound arrangement for a company (HRW). Pregnancy discrimination not single violates Mexicos Constitution and Federal Labor codes but also many international laws as well. The Mexican government has signed and agreed to follow rules of the supranational Labor office, which prohibits pregnancy as a form of sex discrimination. Mexico is also a partner in the North American Free Trade accord that governs the North American Agreement of Labor Cooperation (NAALC), which obligates Mexico to promote the elimination of sex discrimination (ILAB Press Rele ase). Under NAFTA, Mexico voluntarily signed an agreement to the NAFTA labor rights place agreement. This agreement allows all signatories to have their labor practices reviewed by other NAAFA parties. This also allows all allegations to be analyzed by the NAO and committees to be formed to work with countries to work out their labor problems (HRW). As it was shown, Mexico has many severe problems with gender discrimination in the maquiladora sector. These women have the right to work and be treated equally without the humiliation of buy at pregnancy testing and the verbal and physical abuse put on them by their supervisors.

Dr. Meredith Belbin’s Team Roles Essay -- Business and Management Stud

Dr. Meredith Belbins group RolesBiography of Dr. Meredith BelbinDr. Meredith Belbin received his first degree in Classics andPsychology at Clare College in Cambridge. He obtained another(prenominal) degreefor his doctoral dissertation on Old Workers in Industry. Aftercompleting his training at the Institute of Engineering Production atBirmingham and question Fellowship at Cranfield, Dr. Belbin became amanagement consultant of many industries.When he came back to Cambridge, Dr. Belbin worked as a Chairman of theIndustrial Training Research unit of measurement and Director of the EmploymentDevelopment Unit. Also, Dr. Belbin became the first lay member inCambridgeshire of the Lord Chancellors Advisory Panel on theAppointment of Magistrates and older Associate of the Institute ofManagement Studies, in Cambridge.For three years he worked as a Visiting Professor in drawship atExeter. It was here, where Dr. Belbin produced a short program forentrepreneurs. Later on, he left his job to work at the University ofBristol. He was an External Examiner in Entrepreneurship andEngineering Management for disseminated multiple sclerosis dissertations in that institution.Dr. Belbin wrote a lot of books on Management Teams. This is a list ofbooks which he had written and when they were published-1. Why They Succeed Or Fall (1981)2. The put-on Promoters- A Journey To A New Profession (1990)3. Team Roles At Work (1993)4. The Coming Shape Of Organisation (1996)5. Changing The Way We Work (1997)6. beyond The Team (2000)7. Managing Without Power (2002)8. The Origin and Future of Mind (2004)As a consultant, Dr. Belbin had provided number of advises to theOECD, the United States Department of Labour, the Commission of theEEC, many other manufacturing industries and public servingbusinesses. When he was a lecturer and seminar leader, he hadfrequently visited various countries.Dr. Belbin became part of his family firm called, Belbin Associates.This is commonly known as producers o f INTERPLACE. It is acomputer-based Team-Role Advise System which offers advice on HumanResources management issues and it is used throughout the world.Team RolesDr, Meredith Belbin was the founder of the Team Roles. His definitionof a team role is, a tendency to behave, contribute and touchwith others in a particular way.In 1981, Dr. Be... ...gning successful teams* It facilitates internal placement* It is effectively used for job evaluationEach team needs a leader to reach team goals and achieve theorganisations objectives. Dr. Belbin identified two types ofleaders-1. Solo Leader2. Team LeaderSolo Leader1. Solo leader plays an unlimited role2. The leader strives for conformity3. Collects admirers and sycophants4. Tells subordinate what to do5. Plays everything and expect everyone to follow the planTeam Leader1. Team leader plays a limited role2. Builds on diversity3. Seeks talent in the team4. Develops colleagues5. Creates missionsDr. Belbin reckons that there are two reasons fo r, why team leadershipis become very popular throughout the global-1. We are living in a world of increasing uncertainty where things are changing quite dramatically and often very quickly. One person can no longer understand all of this and provide the direction needed to cover every situation.2. Team leadership is the only form of leadership that is acceptable in a society where power is shared and so many people are to the highest degree equal.

Essay on Shakespeares The Tempest - Prospero and Shakespeare :: free essay writer

The Tempest, Prospero and Shakespeare   There can be no doubt that The Tempest contains numerous references to the theater, and while many a(prenominal) of Shakespeares plays make reference to the dramatic arts and their analogy to real life (e.g., all the worlds a stage), it is in this, his last play, that the Bard most explicitly ac populateledges that the audience is viewing a show. Thus, in the plays final scene (Act I, scene i., ll.148ff), Prospero tells his prospective son-in-law Ferdinand that the revels at hand are almost at an end, that the actors are slightly to retire, and that the insubstantial pageant of which he has been a part has reached its conclusion. It is, in fact, tempting to equate the character of Prospero with that of his creator, the playwright Shakespeare. When Prospero sheds his magicians robes in favor of his civilian attire as the Duke of Milan, with the benefit of hindsight that this is Shakespeares last work and his crowning achievement, we are d isposed to associate the learned sorcerer with the Bard of Avon. How far we are to take this identification, however, is moot.   Prospero of The Tempest, like Shakespeare in his late Romance period, is a mature man with a daughter (Shakespeare, in fact, had two daughters, his only son dying in childhood) at the bill of his intellectual and creative powers. Prospero is a polymath, a scholar with a magic book from an entire library that so absorbed him that it was, dukedom large passable (I, ii. l.110). Prospero displays a tinge of regret for having neglected his worldly office as Duke of Milan in favor of the life of the mind. Similarly, as virtually all of Shakespeares biographers have observed, the Elizabethan playwrights knowledge was exceedingly broad, leading many to speculate that he pursued a number of vocations before settling into a life in the theater, and we know from textual correspondences that Shakespeare was broadly read and that he continued to absorb knowledge from diverse publications until his death. We can also speculate that Shakespeare regretted remaining away from his home in Stratford, at least insofar as his career in London kept him away from his children. Lastly, following The Tempest, Shakespeare, like Prospero, retired to civilian life, there being a period of five or six years between his composition of that play and his untimely death at the age of fifty-two.

Elasticity of Labour Demand Essays -- Economics

Elasticity of Labour Demand Labour is a derived rent realised by the assume for the product thatthe grasp leave behind be producing. The theory of motor demand explainsthe behaviour of the firm with the key principle being to achieve theoptimal amounts of grasp employers will want to utilise at differentwage levels.We essential make several assumptions when describing how the long runlabour demand is derived. Firstly we must assume that firms are profitmaximisers and therefore will attempt always to minimise any costsincurred. Further assumptions to simplify analysis of labour demandare that there are no costs of employment other than hourly wages andproductivity of labour is independent of time worked. I.e. Labour ishomogenous.The toil process involves only two inputs, Labour (L) andCapital (K)The firms production functions in the short and long runqSR = f(K, L)qLR = f(K, L)In the long run, the firms ceiling stock is non fixed at any level Kis now changeable as opposed to the short-run where the firm isburdened with a stock of capital that might non be the optimal levelunder the current market conditions. In the indeterminate long runperiod, the firm will therefore be able to select optimalcombinations of its variable stock. A firm will now have much than onetool to expenditure in order to capitalize on profits. The only long runconstraint of the firm would be given by technology.To find the preferred preference of inputs we can examine differentquantities of K and L given the ratio of the input prices with a levelof output. These choices are depicted in a crimp called an isoquant.An isoquant demonstrates a set of points where output is identical butdifferent combinations of labour and capital are possible.Diagram IsoquantCriteria Isoquants are downward sloping Isoquants can not intersect A higher isoquant is associated with a higher level of output An isoquant must be convex to the origin (displaying diminishing returns to scale)The slope of t he isoquant is derived by lamentable between two points onthe curve. Moving from A to B will maintain the level of output butchange the ratio of inputs. In this end it will lower the capitalstock from K1 to K2 but increase the level of employment from L1 to L2.Output is decreased by the units of capital stock cut multiplied bythe marginal product of capital, but i... ...as I have summarised), a one percent rise in the wage leads to a 30per cent drib in employment levels. Private strategies are alsoaffected, as a unions bargaining strategy will be influenced by theelasticity. The more inelastic the employers demand for labour, thestronger the negotiations will be to oppose a wage cut. Unions wouldbe more uncompromising when offered a lower wage.ReferencesBooks- Borjas, G. J. (2004), Labour political economy, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill- Hamermesh, D., Rees, A. (1988), The Economics of Work and Pay, 4th Edition, Harper & Row- McConnel, C. R., Brue, S. L., (1989), Contemporary La bour Economics, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book CompanyWebsites- www.jstor.ac.uk- http//labour.ceps.lu/Journals- Chiswick, C. U. (1985), The Elasticity of Substitution Revsited The effects of secular changes in labour force structure, Journal of Labour Economics, Vol 3 No. 4, pp 490-507- Oi, W. (1962), Labour as a quasi-fixed factor, Journal of Political Economy, Vol 70, pp 538-55- Symons, J. and Layard, R. (1984), Neoclassical demand for labour functions for six major economies, Economic Journal, Vol 94, pp 788-99

Sex in Advertising :: Papers Media Ads Sex Appeal Essays

Sex is everywhere in our society. It is on TV, magazines, radio, billboards, and basic in ally anywhere you visualise today. People cannot get away from grammatical gender in publicise because so many companies use it. Sex appeals are used in advertising all the time, and people love to look at it because Sometimes people listen better with their eyes (Steel 137). Sex in advertising is an effective technique that is used today. It helps companies successfully address their product in our market. Of course it has to be directed at the right audience, and sold at the right places in order for it to work. Sex in advertising has been around for many years at once. Ever since the Maidenform fantasy over twenty years ago. Here is a great example of sex in advertising. It showed women in their Maidenform bras and had different schemes to each one. Maidenform were showing that if they wore this bra and look voluptuous they could be successful in their jobs and get out of the ho use. Basically these ads made women ascertain sexy, and more(prenominal) confident about their bodies. Quit being just a housewife, which many of them were back then. It was now ?The Maidenform Women. You never know where she?ll turn up? (Moog 109). The Maidenform bra ads symbolized the enkindle but frustrating longings of the past (Moog 109). Of course this brought some controversy, but when you are dealing with sex appeal in your ads it?s kind of an automatic. That was then, what about now?There are many companies that use sex appeal in their ads today. For instance Victoria Secrets is one of the top sellers in lingerie. They show skin in every one of their ads. All of their models put on the sex appeal for all commercials and magazines. That is what helps them sell. Women look at those ads and see those girls floating on clouds like angels and feel they could feel the same if they wore that purple bra or red underwear. By showing these girls constantly looking sexy in their ads make women feel sexy just wearing them. That is the whole point of using sex in your ads. It?s amazing what a little skin can do. In advertising, sex sells. But only if youre selling sex (Richards).

Sex in Advertising :: Papers Media Ads Sex Appeal Essays

Sex is everywhere in our society. It is on TV, magazines, radio, billboards, and basically anyplace you look today. People cannot get away from sex in publicise because so many companies use it. Sex appeals are used in advertising all the time, and people love to look at it because Sometimes people listen better with their eyes (Steel 137). Sex in advertising is an effective technique that is used today. It helps companies successfully sell their product in our market. Of course it has to be directed at the right audience, and sold at the right places in order for it to work. Sex in advertising has been around for many years now. Ever since the Maidenform fantasy over twenty years ago. Here is a great example of sex in advertising. It showed women in their Maidenform bandeaus and had different schemes to each one. Maidenform were showing that if they wore this bra and look sexy they could be successful in their jobs and get out of the house. Basically these ads made women olfactory perception sexy, and more confident slightly their bodies. Quit being just a housewife, which many of them were back then. It was now ?The Maidenform Women. You never know where she?ll turn up? (Moog 109). The Maidenform bra ads symbolized the exciting but frustrating longings of the past (Moog 109). Of course this brought some controversy, but when you are dealing with sex appeal in your ads it?s kind of an automatic. That was then, what about now?There are many companies that use sex appeal in their ads today. For instance Victoria Secrets is one of the top sellers in lingerie. They show pelt in every one of their ads. All of their models put on the sex appeal for all commercials and magazines. That is what helps them sell. Women look at those ads and see those girls floating on clouds like angels and face they could feel the same if they wore that purple bra or red underwear. By showing these girls constantly looking sexy in their ads make women feel sex y just wearing them. That is the whole point of using sex in your ads. It?s amazing what a little skin can do. In advertising, sex sells. But only if youre selling sex (Richards).

Living in the Big City

Thao Nguyen02/18/2013 Toefl Prep. Dr. Ray Simple Essay Problem solving is the most(prenominal) important skill in the present day world. We give up to deal with problem solving in business, in private lives, and in doing everyday choice. Below, I would like to specify the importance of this most vital skill in the areas mentioned above. First, every business is based on the ability of the owner of the business and his employees to do fast and professional decision.There are many situations in business that may be connected to buying a new product, selling it to the right person, announce it, or communicating with other businesses for the sake of promoting your own. For example, my friend has a small restaurant. I can see how hectic his life is most of all, I am surprised at the speed with he makes very important decision. Sometimes, these decisions are wrong, but he does not mind. He says he his learning from his mistakes. Obviously, it is absolutely inherent to solve the probl em in business quickly if you want to survive in a tough competition in present day world.Second, we have to make a lot of personal choices in life, and therefore, we have to learn how to solve a lot of personal problems, too. It is a very difficult liaison to make the right decision in love situation. I, for one, am very an emotional person. Due to my emotions, I make quick but wrong decisions. Therefore, I blame myself afterwards for having done or said something without much thinking. I know that I have to work on my ability to think showtime and to act after that if I want to be successful in problem solving.Third, my life is full of chores. I have to run around doing things, connected with my job, my college work, and my personal duties. For an instance, I have to make decisions every second, what to buy, what to wear, what to say, and how much money to spend. In fact, if I do not solve this problem quickly, I am lost. In conclusion, every one of us needs to do a lot of probl em solving every day. We should be smart and calm nigh our decisions. I hope I will acquire this skill as I am moving along in life. The choice we make dictate the life we live.

Food and Beverage Packaging Innovation Essay

Beverage giant Coca-Cola wants to get a little love for its iconic cola drink from the upscale consumer set, so its decided to create and test-market a sleek set of contoured aluminium bottles for its flagship Coke brand. Yes, we said aluminium bottles. The Atlanta, Georgia USA-based potable comp each chose the annual Consumer Analyst Group of New York conference in the Big Apple last Friday (February 22) to introduce the attractive, sensitive 250-ml soda bottles, which come in red, cutting and silver aluminium.Thus furthermost, the swallow company is offering its regular Coke, Diet Coke and Coke Zero varieties in the red (pictured at left), black and silver aluminium bottles. A Coca-Cola executive at the conference on Friday said the company is test- trade the upscale-looking aluminum pop bottles in the U. S. , and wanted to introduce them to the powerful consumer analysts group as way to get attention and feedback on the new packaging fancy. Coke isnt doing away with its soda croups or plastic bottles.Rather, its test-marketing the aluminum containers as a new packaging option. The drunkenness marketer also hopes the new, sleek look will attract more younger consumers who are evermore looking for the next new thing, along with more higher-income, upscale consumers who are into style. Currently, Coca-Cola isnt selling its snazzy, aluminum-bottled Coke varieties in retail stores. Rather, they have been introduced thus far in select night clubs and bars, and offered for sale at some special events.The potable marketer is however selling a version of its fairly new Coca-Cola Blak (pictured at left), a carbonate coffee-cola beverage, in a brown and black coloring materialed 250-ml contoured aluminum bottle in France. the aluminum bottles color is very similar to the color of the carbonated coffee beverage inside. In 2006, Cocoa-Cola bottled Coke and Diet Coke in similar sleek silver aluminum bottles for its year-long M5 promotion. The bottles, whic h were made for the beverage marketer by Exal USA, won a number of industry product packaging awards and were grabbed-up by consumers as collectors items.Coke also lately introduced a version of its Caribou brand iced coffee line in small aluminum bottles. And Coca-Colas number one competitor in the carbonated soda category, PepsiCo, has introduced a version of its Mountain Dew soda brand in aluminum bottles. Exal USA also produces the current red, black and silver contoured aluminum bottles Coca-Cola is test-marketing in the night clubs and at selected venues, and is thinking about introducing to retail food and beverage stores. Coca-Cola is far from the first U. S. everage company to introduce its drinks in aluminum bottles. In fact, the concept of packaging beverages in aluminum bottles begin taking off in the U. S. about two years ago. Juice marketers, energy drink-type bottlers, beer companies and others began introducing beverage products in aluminum bottles in 2005, and the practice is growing. The trend also is catching on in places like France, Australia and Mexico, where some bottlers are doing the same. In Australia, beer brand marketer Fosters recently introduced poll Lager in attractive gold aluminum bottles.Fosters is now exporting the aluminum-clad lager beer to the U. S. as well. In Mexico, a new beverage called Hot uproar Tea is being marketed in silver, red and black aluminum bottles. The tea-based drink is said to cure a hangover in addition to tasting good. Of course, is one is drunk and drops the fairly heavy aluminum bottle on a toe, the cure might be worse than the affliction. French juice company Teisseire is marketing a line of juice cordials in 330-ml aluminum containers in retail food stores, cafes and other venues in France.The bottles have a specially-shaped neck which is designed to view as it easy for kids to grip. The bottles graphics are colorful and bold against a brushed aluminum background. Teisseireas do all the other beverage companiessay a key selling point of the aluminum bottles, in addition to the sleek look, is that they chill rapidly. The bottles also are 100% aluminum so are recyclable as well. The beer category in particularly is seeing a mini-explosion in the use of aluminum bottles on a selective basis. In addition to Australias Fosters, U. S. raft beer marketer High Falls Brewing Company, based in Rochester, New York, has two varieties of beerPale Ale and Honey Brown lagerwhich come in aluminum bottles, and which are selling extremely well, especially in bars and clubsbut also in supermarkets, convenience and liquor stores. other brewers are following suit and introducing varieties of their beers in aluminum bottles. Being such an international iconic brand though, the fact that Coca-Cola has introduced three of its Coke varieties in the sleek, contoured aluminum bottles is a big deal.Cokes innovation goes a long way in helping to legitimize the aluminum bottles as viable beverage pa ckaging options. It will obviously be interesting to see if Coca-Cola decides to expand its current pilot-test of the of the contoured aluminum-bottled sodas beyond the night clubs and selected special event venues anytime soon. The company executive at the New York conference said the success of the current pilot programs would be the primary determining factor regarding if and when Coke expands distribution of the aluminum -glad soft drinks across the country to food and beverage stores.It seems to use the Coke in the contoured aluminum bottles would be perfect for selected distribution to upscale retailers like Whole Foods Market, Target, Cost-Plus World Market, dealer Joes and the numerous regional, upscale food retailers throughout the U. S. , like Publix in Florida, H. E. B. in Texas, Bristol Farms and Gelsons in Southern California, Wegmans on the East Coast, and umpteen others. The same in the UK with retailers like Waitrose, Sainsburys and Tesco, for example. We dont see t he aluminum bottles becoming a big-selling mainstay of the giant beverage companys brand line-up though.Price competition is too aggressive in the carbonated soft drink beverage category to do any serious volume with a package that isnt dirt cheap to produce, bottle and sell. However, we think the sleek, contoured aluminum Coke drinks could do very well as a niche item at the upscale-type of retailers we mentioned above, as well as be a big hit at higher-end night clubs across the U. S. and internationally. signify New York and Miami in the USA, London, Moscow, Mexico City and a few other international cities where style and beverage choice seem to be synonymous these days.For trend-setting consumers, packaging can be King. Not lone(prenominal) that, but if a consumer saves enough of the sturdy, aluminum Coke bottles, they can even melt them down and make something out of them maybe a backyard BBQ, a post-modern aluminum planter box for the garden, or a sleek red or silver alumin um wagon for junior. In fact, peradventure Coca-Cola should launch a contest. Perhaps something like Design the best item made out of used Coke aluminum soda bottles. Not only would that be fun marketing, it would be the green thing to do. After all, reuse is even better than recycling from an environmental standpoint.

Administrative Decentralization

In a centralized organization, the decisions argon made by top executives or on the basis of pre-set policies. These decisions are then enforced through several tiers of the organization after gradually broadening the span of control until it reaches the bottom level.In a more decentralized organization, the top executives delegate much of their decision-making license to lower tiers of the organizational structure. As a correlation, the organization is likely to run on less rigid policies and wider spans of control among each officer of the organization.This paper leave consider administrative decentralisation, the benefits and potential pitfalls as it pertains to local emergency service of processs. The first section reviews the term administrative decentralization and its various conformitys. While its followed by the benefits and pitfalls in relations to local emergency servicesAdministrative decentralizationAdministrative decentralization seeks to redistribute endorsemen t, responsibility and financial resources for providing earth services among different levels of governance. Its is the transfer of responsibility for proper planning, financing and public functions management from central giving medication to the local governments, semi-autonomous public authorities or corporations, or area-wide, regional or functional authorities.An example of administrative decentralization is the cater of a field office to settle certain claims against the central administration (decentralization government Encarta student 2008). Governments in developing countries have variety of administrative decentralization policies.These range from those that are more widespread in scope and designed to transfer development planning and management responsibilities to local units of government. Others have been more narrowly conceived, deconcentrating or reallocating administrative tasks among the units of central government.The three major forms of administrative decent ralization deconcentration, delegation, and devolution each have different featuresDeconcentrationThis is the weakest form of administrative decentralization and is employ most often in unitary states. It distributes decision making, authority and financial and management responsibilities, among various tiers of the central government.It can simply shift responsibilities from the central government workers who are in the capital city to those working in local regions, provinces or districts, or it can create strong field management or local administrative capability under the supervision of the central government ministries.DelegationDelegation is another form of administrative decentralization. Its more extensive form of decentralization. It whole kit and caboodle by transferring of responsibility for decision making and administration through semi-autonomous bodies. Such bodies are not wholly controlled by the central government but they are somehow accountable to the governme nt.This is usually done by designating responsibilities by creating various forms of public enterprise, housing authorities, transportation authorities, and special project performance units. These bodies have an wide caution in decision making. The organization may be excluded from certain law and constraints on regular civil service personnel. They may besides posture the customers directly for product consumption.DevolutionDevolution is the third form of administrative decentralization. Governments delegates functions, by transferring authority for decision-making, finance, and management to semi-autonomous units of local government with corporate status.It usually transfers responsibilities for services to districts that elect their proclaim mayors and councils, generate their revenues, and have independent authority to make investment decisions. In such a system, local governments have plain and lawfully recognized geographical boundaries over which they exercise power an d within which they perform public functions.This form of administrative decentralization underlies nearly all political decentralization.Community services produced by local government include water provisions, wastewater disposal and creating and maintaining streets and parks, education and social upbeat, infrastructure development and protecting the citizens legal security and the exercise of public authority and police power.Benefits of administrative decentralization in local emergency servicesIncrease coordination since power has been brought closer to people, it makes the citizen contribute in one form or the other in reducing the risks of hazards. thither is also increase in self reliance of the population at reducing risk of hazards and also helps in disaster prevention.Its also believe that bringing power close to people enhance vertical linkages and flexibility among the administrative agencies hence facilitating planning and implementation of local emergency service pol icies.Administrative decentralization also helps government in post-disaster relief compensation programs and international assistance may also act as incentives for people to locate to disaster-prone areas. Theres also effectiveness in development and conservation, planning and implementation of various local emergency system.Potential pitfalls of administrative decentralization pertaining to local emergency servicesEquilibrium in empowerment as stated earlier the objectives of a decentralized administration are good, this is characterized by public empowerment, effectiveness in development, increase efficiency and increased coordination. There is usually a occupation in achieving equilibrium between the people of different geographic location or in different communities in people empowerment.Administrative decentralization its not absolute in its purpose nor is it always efficient or just. It may assist in programs that alleviate poverty or sustainable forest management but it is not always sufficient. Its usually a long term process which is to be achieved in stages or phases. The local government also tends to lack the skills in proper management of disaster.Weak decentralizing power does not mean doing away with control, hence it tend to be more effective under a strong central government. Hence effectiveness might not be accomplished under the weak form of government.Policies administrative decentralization policies especially those involving devolution should address existing corruption and potential new structures before initiating the necessary change to address them.Staffs another problem that tend to arise from this form of decentralization pertaining to the local emergency services is the transfer of power to officials who care more about their self interest than the welfare of the community. This can lead to corruption. Another problem may also arise when power is been devolve to an incompetent official.ConclusionConsidering the merit and demerits of administrative decentralization of governance, proper implementation and designation of power and it monitoring will help to prevent local emergencies and its proper management if it occurs. Its makes life better and brings out their innate potentials because they are allowed in the decision making process. ReferencesDecentralization Thematic Team.(2008). Different forms of decentralization. Decentralization. Retrieved July 7, 2008. From www.ciesin.orgIan, Ferguson, Cherukat, Chandrasekhar an. (2004). What effect is decentralization having on the quest for sustainable forest management in the Asia-Pacific region? Path and pitfalls of decentralization. Retrieved July 7, 2008. From www.itto.or.jpJean, Bonnal. (2008). A history of decentralization. Decentralization. Retrieved July 7, 2008. From www.ciesin.orgJohn, Cohen, Stephen, Peterson. (2008). Administrative Decentralization A New Framework for Improved Governance, Accountability, and Performance. Retrieved July 7, 2008. From w ww.cid.harvard.

Sexiest Language

Language is the basis to all cultures in the world, today. Whether it is in writing, sign language, or body language, it is a must in every civilization. Language is perceived differently with the male and female genders. Many forms of sexist language have been identified into terce forms language that ignores women, language the defines women narrowly, and language that depreciates women (Wetherall 276). Women have been discriminated for years. This all strings back to when the female was thought to be less of a person, since early civilization.It has been the use of virile genetics that has concealed women. Since that time we have came a long way in equaling womens rights. The problem now, is that language still portraits women as something less in ships company. The narrow definition of women in language relates to the observation that women argon more(prenominal) often discussed in relationships, whereas men are more often discussed in what they do (Wetherall 276). A perfec t example is when women are given their spouses last name after being married. This is a show of witnessership of sorts. Women do not have accompany this tradition if they do not feel it is necessary.Language described women, in the past, in a negative manor and it is with child(p) to break free from such stereotypes. In a study of female and male terms listed in the dictionary you will find more more unfavorable, sexual and trivializing to describe women that men (Wethrall 276). Women have taken a large leap towards equality but it will take some time originally sexist language and discriminative language will cease. I did a survey where I asked twenty quite a little, If a girl fools around with five guys in a month and a guy fools around with five girls in a month what would you classify the man and char? All twenty of the plenty I asked state the girl is a slut.Sixteen of the people said the man was a pimp(which is a good thing). The other four said he is a male slut. Why is this so? Just because the person is a female, she should be classified as a slut? This is how society thinks. Women should not be stereotyped this way. custody do the same things and they are thought of as the Bomb. I asked five men and five women how they would address a woman who was a chairperson. This is a direct statement of how or language is sexist towards women. Because of this sexist language, our society faces the consequences.Sexist view can influence peoples perception of women (Wetherall 277). Research theoretical developments on language, power and social relationships suggests more subtle and complex associations between language and social behavior than those ab initio utilise to describe the significance of sex slash in language (Wetherall 277). For example, discourse analysts explore how the production and organization of social categories in conversation are influenced by the context and function of the particular interaction (Wetherall 277). The use of sex ist language makes the idea of inequality live on.When people constantly use this sexist language it becomes routine and people start to use this in their every day conversation or even just in their minds. The routinization of sex bias in language makes sexism more covert and hence a legitimate way of communicating racism (Wetherall 277). With this common and accepted racism being used in everyday life, it shows how men have maintained their monarchy in social groups. For example, when I was younger there was a girl on my baseball police squad who was very good, but everyone emphasized how good she was for a girl, not a person.Sexist language is a direct suppression of women and is so usually used, it goes unnoticed. Though, steps are being taken to stop sexist language, for example it is not longer a policeman it is a police officer, still, there has to be more done to prevent in from existing. Our language reflects the fact that, historically women engaged in public activity th at has been suspect (Jamieson 125). The whole idea is that when society speaks of a human being it is usually thought to be a male.For instance when a man is interviewed, he is judged as an individual while a woman is categorized as a women (Jamieson 127). Language is not only a way to communicate, but, also a way to judge the character of society. showtime at age two or three when boys and girls first learn to communicate they are placed in two separate categories. This separation continues through childhood and up to their teenage years when they become men and woman. Woman are brought up to be clean, proper, and always be on their best behavior. Men are brought up to play in the dirt, be messy, and act like tough guys.When men and woman become their own self and have their own traits they will then began to interact and communicate with each other. At this time different language will be shared with each other and many agreements as well as disagreements will occur. A man will u sually overpower the woman with words, because a mans language is a lot stronger in content. As each generation goes by men have been more successful and always in a higher power position than woman have been in. In the mid 1970s, a survey was taken, that is showing words that are used on men and their parallel meaning towards women.

Cipd Cipd

CIPD Assessment Activity Title of unit/s Contemporary Developments in habit Relations Unit No/s 5CER Level Intermediate Credit value 6 Assessment method Written answers to questions Professional discussion (mixed elan delivery only) Learning outcomes actualise competing approaches that contextualise contemporary developments in employment relations. Understand contemporary labour market trends and data. Understand the main sources of employment relations legislation. Understand the role of the parties that affect the dole outment of employment relations. Understand contemporary developments in employee involvement and participation. Understand different forms of conflict behaviour and dispute resolution. Assessment outline/activity In consultation with your tutor you are required to select three out of the six questions/tasks below and provide answers to each one selected. delineate and explain the different perspectives and approaches taken to man age employee relations and the balance of 1. 1, 1. 2,1. 3 power between management and individual employees. Identify and explain the labour market, how it is adjust and, using trend data and evidence, evaluate how it has changed over juvenile years. You are required to prepare a briefing paper for newly appointed managers that 2. 1, 2. 2, 2. 3 identifies and explains the main sources of employment relations legislation defines a contract of employment and the essential features of a written statement of further particulars assesses the impact of two recent developments in individual employment rights 3. 1, 3. 2, 3. 3, 3. advises on the role and scope of trade unions. Explain, using examples, how the actions and behaviour of management, trade unions and the state can impact on the temper of employment relations. Critically assess the claim that effective employee involvement and participation will strengthen both the traditional and psychological exchange betwe en an government activity and its employees You are required to brief the senior management team on recent trends in industrial action and explain the approaches 4. 1, 4. 2, 4. and skills required to help manage both individual and collective conflict. 5. 1, 5. 2, 5. 3 6. 1, 6. 2, 6. 3, 6. Evidence to be produced/required Answers compare to approximately 1000 words to any three of the questions/tasks above, together with a list of cited References and a separate Bibliography of sources consulted but not specifically mentioned in preparing each answer (but these should be excluded from the word count. ) Professional discussion (transcript and supporting information) equating to approximately 1000 words for each question).

My Summer Vacation

My Summer Vacation My summer pass was unfeignedly fun and I enjoyed every(prenominal) minute of it. The head startly twenty-four hour period of my Summer pass was boring, alone I knew it would be because it was the first day. I spent Almost my entire summer vacation with Astrid and my cousin as well as my family. The first thing I wanted to do was to go to the beach. I ended up going to the beach, but it Was when Tania invited me to come out of a video for her xv and I of course I said Yes. As well as Astrid did too. I was in reality off on(p) that I was finally going to the beach. When we got there the first thing I saw was the beautiful ocean.I wanted to get out of the Car already so that I could smell the fresh transport of the ocean. But when I got out of the car It turned out that it was really cold and I was freezing. I had a great time though because I spend the day with my friends and I finally went to the beach. I also did lots of Shopping this past summer vaca tion. So there was a day that I decided that I was going to Go the snapper and buy clothes. I called Astrid and said, Hey Astrid lets go to the Mall and she hold on coming with me. Well then subsequently a few weeks I went to the Movies with my sister and my cousins, we watched commons Lantern.And after a few more geezerhood I went to the movies again but this time I saw three movies which were Sucker Punch, Soul Sulfur, and sidesplitter 4. There was a day where I really wanted to go bowling, But I had no idea who would I go with and who would take me . indeed I called Astrid and Asked her if she wanted to go and later that day we went bowling and I was really euphoric Afterward. I had sleepovers with Astrid and my cousins and we would talk somewhat so Many things. so my cousin invited me to a party that I was really excited about. I also went swimming at my moms friend house I enjoyed having the water on my face.While we were in the puss we played almost volleyball, but I really wasnt good at it so squad eventually lost and they werent very happy with that. When we got out from the Pool we went to see some movies with some chips and sodas. This summer was the best Summer vacation I ever had, I did so many things that I thought I wouldnt do, but I did And I am very happy about that. My was goal was to have the best summer vacation and I achieved my goal. I had so many experiences and achievements. I hope I have another swell summer vacation that I wont forget.My Summer VacationMy Summer Vacation My summer vacation was really fun and I enjoyed every minute of it. The first day of my Summer vacation was boring, but I knew it would be because it was the first day. I spent Almost my entire summer vacation with Astrid and my cousin as well as my family. The first thing I wanted to do was to go to the beach. I ended up going to the beach, but it Was when Tania invited me to come out of a video for her fifteen and I of course I said Yes. As well as Astr id did too. I was really excited that I was finally going to the beach. When we got there the first thing I saw was the beautiful ocean.I wanted to get out of the Car already so that I could smell the fresh air of the ocean. But when I got out of the car It turned out that it was really cold and I was freezing. I had a great time though because I spend the day with my friends and I finally went to the beach. I also did lots of Shopping this past summer vacation. So there was a day that I decided that I was going to Go the mall and buy clothes. I called Astrid and said, Hey Astrid lets go to the Mall and she agreed on coming with me. Well then after a few weeks I went to the Movies with my sister and my cousins, we watched Green Lantern.And after a few more Days I went to the movies again but this time I saw three movies which were Sucker Punch, Soul Sulfur, and Scream 4. There was a day where I really wanted to go bowling, But I had no idea who would I go with and who would take me . Then I called Astrid and Asked her if she wanted to go and later that day we went bowling and I was really happy Afterward. I had sleepovers with Astrid and my cousins and we would talk about so Many things. Then my cousin invited me to a party that I was really excited about. I also went swimming at my moms friend house I enjoyed having the water on my face.While we were in the pool we played some volleyball, but I really wasnt good at it so Team eventually lost and they werent very happy with that. When we got out from the Pool we went to see some movies with some chips and sodas. This summer was the best Summer vacation I ever had, I did so many things that I thought I wouldnt do, but I did And I am very happy about that. My was goal was to have the best summer vacation and I achieved my goal. I had so many experiences and achievements. I hope I have another Great summer vacation that I wont forget.My Summer VacationMy Summer Vacation My summer vacation was really fun and I enj oyed every minute of it. The first day of my Summer vacation was boring, but I knew it would be because it was the first day. I spent Almost my entire summer vacation with Astrid and my cousin as well as my family. The first thing I wanted to do was to go to the beach. I ended up going to the beach, but it Was when Tania invited me to come out of a video for her fifteen and I of course I said Yes. As well as Astrid did too. I was really excited that I was finally going to the beach. When we got there the first thing I saw was the beautiful ocean.I wanted to get out of the Car already so that I could smell the fresh air of the ocean. But when I got out of the car It turned out that it was really cold and I was freezing. I had a great time though because I spend the day with my friends and I finally went to the beach. I also did lots of Shopping this past summer vacation. So there was a day that I decided that I was going to Go the mall and buy clothes. I called Astrid and said, Hey A strid lets go to the Mall and she agreed on coming with me. Well then after a few weeks I went to the Movies with my sister and my cousins, we watched Green Lantern.And after a few more Days I went to the movies again but this time I saw three movies which were Sucker Punch, Soul Sulfur, and Scream 4. There was a day where I really wanted to go bowling, But I had no idea who would I go with and who would take me . Then I called Astrid and Asked her if she wanted to go and later that day we went bowling and I was really happy Afterward. I had sleepovers with Astrid and my cousins and we would talk about so Many things. Then my cousin invited me to a party that I was really excited about. I also went swimming at my moms friend house I enjoyed having the water on my face.While we were in the pool we played some volleyball, but I really wasnt good at it so Team eventually lost and they werent very happy with that. When we got out from the Pool we went to see some movies with some chips and sodas. This summer was the best Summer vacation I ever had, I did so many things that I thought I wouldnt do, but I did And I am very happy about that. My was goal was to have the best summer vacation and I achieved my goal. I had so many experiences and achievements. I hope I have another Great summer vacation that I wont forget.

Phospholipases

A) The hypothesis being tested here is the enhancement in the lipase activity of phospholipase C-?1 via phosphorylation of tyrosine 783.B) To perform the audition equal concentrations of purified phospholipase-C-?1 were set on incubation with the active kinase domain of FGFR2 and ATP in bovine serum albumin containing buffer.The samples of this reactions were tested for two activities 1) for lipase activity in the phospholipid vehicles indicated in the figure on left y axis. Secondly the phosphate incorporation in phospholipase-C-?1 was studied, illustrated at recompense y axis of figure.This was performed to check the phosphorylation of tyrosine and auto inhibition of PLC-? isozymes, 775/783 of PLC-?1 were substitutes at the place of phenylalanine, they could be used individually or together, but in the experiment tyr783 is used individually.Phospholipase activity of resulting mutant after purification was quantified with active domain of FGFR2K (helps in phosphorylation and activ ation of phospholipase). certain known moles of phosphates were added into purified PLC-?1 in wild token under above mentioned conditions and was observed that phospholipase activity was enhanced 10 times.The mutation of tyr783 completely nullified the kinase stimulated acceleration of phospholipase activity along with reduction in FGFR2K-promoted phosphorylation of PLC-?1. Therefore, phosphorylation of Tyr783 is vital forrelief of auto-inhibition. C) Studies reveal that Tyr-783 was essential for auto inhibition.As discussed above, permanent phosphorylation of tyr-783 will completely nullify the kinase stimulated and FGFR2K stimulated phosphorylation of PLC-?1. lipase activity of PLC-?1 will be enhanced across its limits and over-expression of PLC-?1 can induce malignant transformation.The results could be leading to production of carcinoma cells. It has been found in various studies that activity of PLC-?1 is much in cancerous cells as compared to normal cells. So, permanent phos phorylation tyr783 could be a way leading to malignant cancers.

Participant Observation Essay

The two look for methods in sociology are valued and Qualitative. numeric question is typically somewhat numbers and graphs. The purpose is to predict and classify results and create graphs and models to explain the results. The research worker is detached from the subject area matter and knows exactly what they are looking for. This type of research method dope begin with a thesis and is best utilised towards the end of an experiment. Qualitative research is almost the opposite. It is about the expression of the results in words or visual aids. The researcher is heavily involved in the subject matter and only knows roughly what they are looking for. This research method is best utilized towards the startle of an experiment because the intrinsic evolutionary quality about this method (Neill, 2007).Both methods of research can be philosophically justified because they actually would work great hand in hand in cardinal experiment. However, the practice of Qualitative research has a rich quality about it. This form of study gives gross profit margin to freedom in experimentation. Not knowing exactly what you want to find out or scam in an experiment and a research process that is flexible is desirable to many researchers.Two research methods in anthropology are Participant Observation and Survey look into. Participant Observation involves a researcher fully immersing themself in a address for an extended amount of time in order to experience that culture from within (Donohue-Lynch, 2014). This requires the researcher to participate in free-and-easy activities to gain understanding of what it means to be a native. This type of research method allows the environment and subject matter to localise the method of research. Survey Research consists of surveys, interviews, and questionnaires that give insight to a large population. It is important to consider the audience when formulating a question. The researcher must consider culture, language, and age among many other things because the question can be easily misinterpreted. Interviewing the subjects ask direct questions and leads the experiment.There are several methods of research in anthropology however, Participant Observation appears to have some cant to its method. It seems that the best way to gain knowledge about a particular(prenominal) population would be to red-hot handlethey do rather than question them about it, or see it in the media, or type history. The best way to lend yourself to discovery is by fully immersing yourself in it and allowting go of control, let the data uncover itself through intrinsic experiences.Each of the previously mentioned research methods is valuable to scientific study. anthropological and Sociological research methods differ in that they aim to discover something different they have different goals. Quantitative and Qualitative methods differ from each other in that the start-off utilizes a thesis and is better utilized at the beginning of an experiment and the latter does not have a clear set goal and is better utilized at the end of an experiment. However, they are the same in that they accurately examine a group of people or social group and are able to extrapolate information specific to their population through their research methods.Participant Observation and Survey Research differ in that the first uses visual aides and immersing oneself into a culture to gain knowledge about the subject groups habits and experience what it is like to be part of that group by becoming a member and participating in daily activities, the latter focuses on questionnaires, verbal or written, in order to gain information about a specific group of people by communicating and directing them to provide information that you desire, the process is to a greater extent rigid and requires more technology than participant observation. However, they share a likeness in that they both break a specific group and are effective in retrieving desired information.ReferencesDonohue-Lynch, B. (2014). Cultural anthropology Methods. Retrieved on kinsfolk 5, 2014 from http//www.qvctc.commnet.edu/brian/methods.html Neill, J. (2007) Qualitative versus quantitative research Key points in a classic debate. Retrieved on September 4, 2014 from http//wilderdom.com/research/QualitativeVersusQuantitativeResearch.html.

Price Hike in Bangladesh

ABOUT RECENT PRICE HIKE IN Ban joyousesh March 4 2010 Prep bed For-Kaikobad Rana Sir Submitted By-Overcome Group Group Members Of Overcome- * Group Leader- MD Sazzadur Rahman Chowdhury ID-082011013, Sec-A, tertiary Semester * Administrator- Riad Morshed Chowdhury ID-082011012, Sec-A, 3rd Semester * Researcher- A. F. M Maruf Rahman ID-082011035, Sec-A, 3rd Semester * Members- MD Rafiqul Islam ID-082011022, Sec-A, 3rd Semester Atiqur Rahman ID-082011017, Sec-A, 3rd Semester Mostafizur Rahman ID-082011282, Sec-A, 3rd Semester Rashedul Hasan ID-082011008, Sec-A, 3rd SemesterNishat Ahmed ID-082011009, Sec-A, 3rd Semester Lubna Ahmed Luna ID-082011040, Sec-A, 3rd Semester 4th March, 2010 Kaikobad Rana articulateer Department of Fashion Design Shanto-Mariam University of Creative Technology Lalmatia, capital of Bangladesh. Subject Submission of Term Paper. Sir, As the wrangle requirement of DES-102, we were assigned to do a job regarding the topic of Price Hike. We watch provided our best sa removedi to complete our tasks t all in ally to the requirements. We well-tried to complete our tasks by doing different research works and from our limited k at a timeledge.It is a matter of great pleasure for us to present the level on time. We volition rattling glad if the motif faeces fulfill its purpose. Thank you, Sincerely yours MD Sazzadur Rahman Chowdhury Riad Morshed Chowdhury A. F. M Maruf Rahman MD Rafiqul Islam Atiqur Rahman Mostafizur Rahman Rashedul Hasan Nishat Ahmed Lubna Ahmed Luna ACKNOWLEDGEMENT firstly we want to thanks our faculty who give me this opportunity to do this research. Who helped and guided me to do this research accurately. second we want to thanks Kaikobad Rana Sir for his uncondetional support.I in addition want to thanks all the state who participate in our position. And my entire friend circle. And last but non lest my God. Thank you. ABSTRACT THE MAIN REASONS AND ordinaryS REACTION ABOUT RECENT PRICE HIKE IN Bangladesh We choose this topic THE MAIN REASONS AND PUBLICS REACTION ABOUT RECENT PRICE HIKE IN Bangladesh because re pennyimeimely the monetary value hiking enigma has become the chief(prenominal) social job in Bangladesh. People be suffering most in this problem now specially the poor citizenry. There argon more terra firmas quarter this problem. But we cerebrate formation of syndicate and subversion is the main reason rump this. But multinational merchandise scathe, force let out cost, power crisis, natural disaster, transportation problem, wrong terms collection, action against corruption by the c atomic number 18taker judicature, bridle-path vendors and punishable construction drive by the joint forces, everyplacelook of communication and co-ordination in among different governing military positionrs etc are likewise accountable for new-fashioned outlay hobo in Bangladesh. And the rate of this equipment casualty tramper is very fast.Even the military bac k government activity was failed to make this problem. They were not able to find the root behind this problem due to lack of separate monitoring system. But just the organisation chiffonier solve this problem by using his intelligence information agency, by introducing good monitoring system, by improving integrity & order and by identifying the loathsomeness syndicate groups. But it is not a very short job. The support of general humanity is as well as needed to solve this problem. FINDING The main reasons behind this problem The equipment casualtys of commodities are almost uniform across the capital, which scarce implies that a group of mass are haunt the expenditures and that they collect enough clout in the market place to be able to decide what the prices should be. * Corruption of so called governmental leading, corruption of different Government officials and justness enforcing agency is the main reason behind this problem. We can solve this problem by taking the following measures. * Identify the syndicate groups. * By improving right and order. * By framing appropriate laws by the Government to eliminate middle categoryes in trading. By introducing effective monitoring system. TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE PAGE NUMBER INTRODUCTION 6 RESEARCH cranial orbit 7 HYPOTHESIS 13 METHODOLOGY 14 DATA PRESENTATION 15 DATA abbreviation 16 point of accumulation 28 CONCLUSION 29 testimonial 30 PUBLICS RECOMMENDATION 31 REFERENCE LIST 32 INTRODUCTION With the price increase of inherents capturing headlines of our national smartspapers and TVs almost everyday. Because this price hiking problem has become the main social problem in Bangladesh.People are suffering most in this problem specially the poor concourses. There are m any reasons behind this problem. harmonize to The finance minister of religion Abul Mal Abdul Al-Muhit, foreign price hike of prerequisite necessities as being liable for high domestic prices. Of course, inte rnational market price is as well as responsible for domestic ostentatiousness, but only partially. The ministerss statement obviously ignored other domestic factors, many of which created by the action by the Government, and also some of which created by the previous brass. check to our study we identify some supply-side factors as being responsible, such as cache, and loss of railway line confidence, administered energy price hike, international price hike of essential commodities, bribe and illegal bell collection, morphological and institutional constraints etc. corruption of so called political leaders and different brass officials etc are also responsible for this problem. And if the food price is not swanled, the inflation rate may reach double-digit level very soon which is rate of flowly 7. 5%. In our research paper we tried to account out these reasons.And we tried to find some solution virtually this problem. we also tried to figure out the bad set up of th is problem. we hope by reading this paper the readers get out able to figure out the main reasons behind this problem and also able to disgrace or solve this problem. RESEARCH AREA In our suggestion paper our had mentioned some query at which point we did like to investigate to prove our hypothesis. Our indecision were > What is the main reason behind this recent price hike in Bangladesh? > Is corruption and local syndicate only responsible around this price hike? gt What should be the role of government to go down this price hike? > How can we solve it? Obviously formation of syndicate and hoarding by them, corruption, power failure, traffic fames and load-shading, international price hike of essential commodities, bribe and illegal toll collection, structural and institutional constraints etc. check to Ahmed. T. (2009), the crude fossil anele crisis of 1973, when oil prices increased in exponential proportions, was not so ofttimes due to deficit of oil supply as it was due to the decision of the major oil exporters, Arab states, to increase the prices.It was not that oil reserves had suddenly sunk through the floor or that its demand had shot through the ceiling. In strictly economic terms, a handful of oil exporters were in collusion, which led to dramatic increases in globose oil prices. The entire western world was affected and the sudden price hike resolving powered in a long-term recession ending decades of economic boom. It was also the first time that the United States faced an oil shortage since the Second World War. The Arab states had succeeded in their intent to use oil as a ar bankery unit against those not friendly to their cause. It is possibly a classic example of collusive oligopoly.The situation in the current-day capital of Bangladesh markets is similar except that the collusion does not concern one item but several largely such essential food items as rice, wheat, potatoes, lentils, edible oil, onions and milk pow der. gibe to a report in Amar Desh (May 11, 2009), prices of essential food items have increased 25 per cent on an average in the bygone four months. According to a report in New Age (May 11, 2009), prices rose between phoebe bird and 50 per cent during the same period most of it under the military-backed interim government of Fakhruddin Ahmed that run intod office after the proclamation of a state of emergency on January 11.According to the governments own statistics, inflation increased from just fewer than six per cent in January this year to almost 7. 5 per cent by March. While the government appears to be in denial suggesting that inflation is not really out of control and quite below the danger level, experts fear that it might, in fact, have crossed the double-digit mark compulsive by the soaring food prices. According to SLATE magazine (2009), about our very own maffia groups that group has come to be make don, and often referred to in the media, as the syndicate.Des pite the fact that academics, researchers and even politicians have hold such collusion, its existence is denied upfront, both by government officials and businesspeople, in a manner that can be likened to that regarding the mafia. For the longest time, the existence of the mafia, or rather Cosa Nostra, was denied by insiders as well as government officials till misconceptions and myths were laid to rest by, what came to be known as, the Maxi Trial in a court in Sicily over a hundred years after its existence was officially reported.As for the syndicate, it has proved to be invincible and even immune to a state of emergency, which has not been able to curb Its potential for collusion and on that pointby manipulation of the prices. The tenure of the BNP-Jamaat alliance government saw two changes of medico ministers, each prone the sack for the same reason, while the last one had utterly failed in his pledge to rein in the prices of essentials. The invincibility of the syndicate was perhaps never felt with such force as it was on July 25, 2006 at a monthly luncheon meeting of the American Chamber of Commerce in Bangladesh.The third doctor minister of the last government, Hafiz Uddin Ahmed, squarely put the responsibility of controlling the prices of essentials on other ministries and went so far as to suggest that the government should set up some other ministry for the Task. The Consumer Protection Act is being scrutinized now and I have urged the food ministry to make anti-hoarding laws for checking unscrupulous traders syndicates and hoarders,he tell.He also suggested that the finance and food Ministries were better equipped to tackle the matter. It was just three months after Hafiz had taken up his new portfolio on April 26 with the pledge to reduce prices of essentials within a month. Barely a week earlier, at a meeting with businesspeople at his office, he assumed a dramatically different tactual sensation and harped on a different note, although, even then, it was obvious that his success in bringing flock the prices of essentials was at the mercy of the businesspeople.On July 19, Hafiz announced to the press following the meeting that the intelligence agencies had identified the members of the syndicate who were involved in manipulating prices through hoarding and other means. But he only hoped that the relevant ministry would take Necessary action. His comments about the meeting betrayed his helplessness and utter Inability to hold sway over the businessmen. They have given us assurance that they will not make any windfall profit by making the people hostage, tell Hafiz about the traders present at the meeting.With hindsight it appears that the minister did his best to divert attention from the syndicates citing a label difference of prices between wholesalers and retailers, and the producers and wholesalers that he suggested added to the woes of the people. M Saifur Rahman, then the minister for finance and planning , and perhaps the most in-chief(postnominal) cabinet member of the BNP-led government, when approached with the possibility of reducing import tariffs on essential food items, told the press, it never paying(a) off. He state the prices would decrease for a short while but resume their rising write out soon after.Instead, he suggested, the syndicates that manipulated the prices were the main reason behind the price hike and had to be dealt with decisively. But government officials deny their existence quite categorically despite overwhelming circumstantial facts that testify exactly the opposite. The commerce secretary was quoted in January as saying they are yet to receive any conclusive evidence on the existence of syndicates?. He went further to substantiate his claim asking, When the prices went up everyone was blaming syndicates.But now that they are breathing out down how come everybody is quiet? If on that point was a syndicate why are the prices coming down? He did par tially admit to their existence since former ministers had claimed that syndicates exist. But the rebuff of a prominent businessman, quoted in New Ages weekend supplement Xtra on January 12, smacks of the classic mafia disclaimer. I read about this regularly in newspaper publishers but I have never seen one or been a part of it, says Mostafa Kamal, chairman of the Meghna Group, one of the leading importers of edible oil, powderedMilk and sugar. How, where and when are questions people who accuse us of syndication should answer, he said. It is alleged that the Meghna Group is among the leading syndicate members in the country. Hossain. E. (2009), programmed officer of the Consumers Association of Bangladesh, echoed the general apprehension. I have attended meetings at the commerce ministry where powerful and well-known businessmen have directly threatened government officials with cutting out supply if they did not accept their chosen prices, he told Xtra.According to the Daily Sta r (May 18 2009), a report of the Centre for Policy Dialogue, a research organization, based on records of the National poster of Revenue, found that a healthful cartel accounted for a substantial share of the imports. The report says the top quintette importers have accounted for importing 96 per cent raw sugar, 46 per cent refined sugar, 67 per cent crude soybean oil, 60 per cent crude palm oil, 49 per cent wheat, 37 per cent rice, 31 per cent lentil, and 31 per cent onion of national imports till March of this fiscal year.While the report did not mention any realises, a number of reports in other newspapers have done so. For instance, according to a report of Amar Desh (May 11, 2009) the TK Group, the Meghna Group and the City Group account for 65 per cent of edible oil imports. The next three the SA Group, the MEB Group and the Marine Group account for another 25 per cent of the imports. Quoting sources, the report says traders of Dhaka and Chittagong are the major importer s of lentils, ginger, garlic and other essentials that come from India.It goes on to mention the names of Shathi Enterprise, sevener Star and Banijjya Bhandar from Dhaka, Rumpa Enterprise of Bogura, Pahari Enterprise, AB Trading and Akhter Impex of Chittagong as significant market players. When the country is badly jolted by the unprecedented floods there is another alarming factorthe price hike of essentials that is slowly but very steadily engulfing the rural life history of the common people. It is appalling that one kg of green chili con carne costs you TK 200 There are no vegetables that cost you less than TK 30 per kg It also creates shortage of foods. That also increases the price of essentials.Similarly other factors such as power failure, international market price, terminate cost, power crisis, natural disaster, transportation problem, illegal toll collection, action against corruption by the caretaker Government, street vendors and illegal construction drive by the joi nt forces, lack of communication and co-ordination in between different Government officers etc factors are also responsible for recent price hike in Bangladesh. By taking unspoiled action and frame effective laws for the elimination of the middle men groups existing various trading circles and to control bribery in between law enforcing agencies and traders.By minimize the traffic jams and load shadings. By forming a strong co-ordination efforts and monitoring system, established for the cooperation, co-ordination and rallying of information in between different Government officials entrusted to check price level. By identifying syndicate groups and taking appropriate action against them. The Government can control the price. By creating cognizance against corruption and establish a price list for all kinds of goods to control price hike. And by electing an adept and stable Government, the general people can solve this problem.HYPOTHESIS There are many reasons behind this recen t price hike in Bangladesh. But we think formation of syndicate and corruption is the main reason behind this. But international market price, sack cost, power crisis, natural disaster, transportation problem, illegal toll collection, action against corruption by the caretaker Government, street vendors and illegal construction drive by the joint forces, lack of communication and co-ordination in between different Government officers etc are also responsible for recent price hike in Bangladesh.And the rate of this price hike is very fast. Even the military back Government was failed to solve this problem. They were not able to find the root behind this problem due to lack of appropriate monitoring system. But just the Government can solve this problem by using his intelligence agency, by introducing effective monitoring system, by improving law & order and by identifying the evil syndicate groups. But it is not a very piano job. The support of general public is also needed to s olve this problem. METHODOLOGY There are two types of data in my research paper. . prime data. & 2. Secondary Data Primary Data- We have collected my primary data to figure out the mail reasons and publics reaction about recent price hike in Bangladesh by chooseing a survey on 30 general people. To do that survey first we had hustling some questions and some suitable answer against each question. aft(prenominal) that we went out for general people to admit our survey. The shopkeepers, doctors, teachers, tailors, chemists, retired peoples, servants, housewives and students were the people who were participate in our survey.We have had some difficulties to conduct our survey. We had very little time to conduct this survey. Within this short period of time we had to find 30 peoples of different classes. People of all class were participating in our survey. Some of them did not know hoe to write and read. We had to read and translated my question for them. subsequently knowing there answers we filled the answers for them. Thus we completed our survey to get our primary data. Secondary Data- We have collected my secondary data mostly from different websites such as www. vjel. org, www. unnayan. rg etc, different newspaper such as The daily star, The New Age etc, and from different magazines. DATA PRESENTATION CAPTION A survey has been taken of 30 people for the topic of The main reasons and publics reaction about recent price hike in Bangladesh. Question No. Option A Option B Option C Option D 1 63% 40% 0% 6. 67% 2 48. 67% 23. 33% 20% * 3 83. 33% 3. 33% 13. 33% * 4 43. 33% 43. 33% 13. 33% * 5 20% 63. 33% 16. 67% * 6 30% 30% 46. 67% * 7 53% 16. 67% 10% * 8 3. 33% 16. 67% 46. 67% 26. 67% 9 13. 33% 26. 67% 50% * 10 36. 7% 30% 26. 67% * 11 53% 10% 26. 67% * 12 66. 67% 20% 3. 33% * 13 46. 67% 10% 33. 33% 16. 67% 14 10% 53% 0% 46. 67% 15 36. 67% 46. 67% 23. 33% * TABLE THE play along RESULT DATA ANALYSIS Recently we have done a survey for about 30 people to f ind the main reasons behind this recent price hike in Bangladesh. For this survey we ready a set of question consisting of 16 questions. According to Our survey here we analysis some of the important questions from my questioner. Question No 1 A B C D What do you think aboutthe main reason behindthis recent price hike? Formation of Syndicates Corruption Extortion Taking bribe from traders Chart 1 The survey result of question no 1 Question No 2 A B C Do you thinkthereis any Syndicate groupsinvolved in price hike? Yes, because the governmentCant control the price. No, there is no syndicate groups exist May be, not sure Chart 2 The survey result of question no 2 According to my survey, in reply of my first question 63% people said formation of Syndicates is the main reason behind this recent price hike. While 40% people said corruption is the main reason behind this.In reply of my second question 83. 33% people said syndicate groups are involved in price hike because the government can? t control the price. In my survey most of the people think the syndicate groups are principally responsible for this problem. These syndicate groups controlling the price by hoarding. Hoarding by businesses has been widely blamed by many as being main culprit behind the current crisis. Indeed, if we let aside moral issues, hoarding markets perfect economic sense to businesses and that is why they build up stocks to make larger profits.For example speculate the current market price of a NOKIA 1202 lively phone is TK 1800. Now let us assume that for some unknown reasons, the price of the same brand mobile is expected or any mobile phone dealer in the market sell NOKIA 1202 at the lower price now or wait to sell at the higher price a month later? What would happen to the current market price of NOKIA 1202, if most dealers hold off selling? This is exactly how inflationary expectation, expectation about future price hike, leads to hoarding, creates shortage, raises current mark et price and, finally, brings larger profits for businesses. From the above analysis we reason that the syndicate groups are nothing but a well-known business farms, run by well-known business man. But the syndicates, for all their collusion, manipulation and public denial, are not entirely responsible for the price hike. There are other related factors some of which are compelling, even more than syndication. To begin with, output signal costs have risen and So have the prices. But it gives an impression that the farmers are linked to the market and thereby benefit from the price rises at the consumer end. That is hardly the case.They are paid the bare minimum below which the farmers cannot buckle under to cultivate crops the next year. And prices at their end have increased only marginally over the years. The real value addition (pun intended) to agricultural produce begins with the middlemen who buy from farmers. Along the supply chain there are warehouses, wholesalers, retail ers and micro-retailers often with several more layers of middlemen sandwiched among them. Reports in the media indicate that prices, especially those of vegetables, appreciate by up to 500 per cent between the farmer and the end-consumer.That is how the middleman also controlling the market price. And the Government is not able to identify them, catch them, and even control them. Even the Government has blamed international market price hike of essential commodities as being responsible for high domestic prices to cover their failure. The Government has failed to solve this problem due to the corrupted Government officers and corrupted law enforcing agencies. They are not free to monitor the market price. They are just willing to take bribe.Again lack of communication and co-ordination in between different Government officers and lack of communication system in between different Upozela and districts head billet with the capital is also responsible for this recent price hike. Que stion No 3 A B C Which political factors are responsible for price hike? Blockade and strike Corruption of so called political leaders Conflict between political parties Chart 3 The survey result of question no 3 According to my survey, in reply of my third question, 63. 33% of people said corruption of so called political leaders is the main political factor behind this price hike.And only A B 20% of people said blockade and strike is responsible for this. Political leaders are not actually political leaders. Actually they are political business man. They invest there property to own the party nomination and also own the election. Actually they bought there place in Parliament. After wining the election they start to gain black money as much as they can. And they gain it by corruption. And thats why the price of essential commodities is increasing day by day. This political dont care about the general people, they just care about themselves. Even they dont know how uch black mone y they have gained by corruption. The current anti-corruption drive by the Caretaker Government clearly shows the statistic how much black money they have gained through corruption. Thats why the corruption of so called political leaders also responsible for recent price hikes. Question No 4 A B C D What Bribe & illegal Traffic Power failures Lackof structural&institutional constraints are mainlyresponsible for thisrecent price hike? toll collection congestion storage capacity Chart 4 The survey result of question no 4According to my survey, in reply of my forth question 46. 67% people said bribe and illegal toll collection is the main structural & institutional constraints that are mainly responsible for this recent price hike. And 33. 33% people said power failure is also responsible for this problem. But I think this both factors are equally responsible for this problem The illegal practices of bribes toll collections and associations greatly influence in raising the p rice of essential commodities. The traders has to paid toll and bribe at each entering point of a town.And this increases the transportation cost of goods. As a result the price is increases. And the Government has failed to stop this because of the involvement of corrupted law enforcing officers. While the Scarcity increases the opportunity cost of any service and provides opportunities for corruption. The acute shortage of generation capacity and its consequent effects frequent load-shedding, low electric potential and low frequency on different economic sectors, as well as on essential services such as water supply, hospitals, and telecommunications, have opened up doors for many types of corruption.That is also responsible for this recent price hike. Why that is happening? Because of the corruption of the employee of DESA and PDB. According to the Transparency International Bangladesh (2006), ? A volume Keeper in DESA, a very low level employee, became the envy of many when he purchased a house in a middle-income residential area of Dhaka for Tk 3. 8 million and an allotment in a shopping arcade. ? Many Assistant Engineers of BPDB own private cars, which they cannot afford to buy and maintain on their official salary. A particular Assistant Engineer, with close links with the Collective Bargaining Agent, comes to office in a luxury four-wheeler, while another mints money by making various interventions in the name of a minister. ? A meter reader who was placed under suspension joined the ruling political party, got his job bank, became a CBA leader, and is now the happy owner of two houses and a shop. ? A corrupt and laboured meter reader, who employed agents to do his job and concentrated on eating instead, was transferred from Dhaka to an outstation by an over-zealous DESA officer.Fretting and fuming, the reader came to see a very senior DESA official and told him in no uncertain terms, Sir, I have been working for 25 years in one place and nobody d ared to touch me. You have not done well by transferring me. I will see how you can move me. true enough, he stayed where he was, with the help of his co-operative union leaders. And due to this corruption load shading occurs frequently, as a result the price of essential goods is increasing rapidly. Question No 5 A B C Do you think natural disaster, street vendors and illegal construction drive by the joint forces are also responsible for recent price hike? Yes No Partly responsible 4 0 30 30 Chart 5 The survey result of question no 5 According to our survey, in reply of our fifth question 46. 67% people said natural disaster street vendors and illegal construction drive by the joint forces are partly responsible for recent price hike. And equal number of people said yes and no. But we think it is responsible and why? You will find your answer right now.When the country is badly shaken by the unprecedented floods ther e is another alarming factor the price hike of essentials that is slowly but very steadily engulfing the rural life of the common people. It is appalling that one kg of green chili costs you TK 200 There are no vegetables that cost you less than TK 30 per kg It also creates shortage of foods. That also increases the price of essentials. And thats why we think natural disaster is directly responsible for price hike, but the others are partly responsible. Question No 6 A B C DHow can the By taking Identifying the By improving By improving Government necessary steps syndicate traffic law & order control the price hike? to stop cross border smuggling of fuel and fertilizer groups congestion Chart 6 The survey result of question no 6 According to our survey, most of the people said we can able to control the price by identifying the syndicate groups and by improving law & order. If the government framed strong laws to improve the law and order we can able to identify the syndicat e groups and also able to control the price of essential goods.To 4. 67 cleanse this situation the personals of different law enforcing agencies should immediately be deployed in different trading centers, sea port, river ports, and land ports to check up and down of price level due to hoarding black marketing of essential food grains and other food items. Thus we can improve the current situation. Question No 7 A B C Which methods can be most applicable toreduce or improve this problem? By framing appropriate law by the Government to eliminate middle classes in trading. By introducing effectivemonitoring system. By re-introducing old rationingsystem by the Government to stable the prices Chart 7 The survey result of question no 7 According to our survey, in reply of my seventh question 46. 67% people said by introducing effective monitoring system we can able to reduce this problem. And 36. 67% people said we can solve this problem by framing appropriate law to eliminate middle classes in trading. We are passing through a revolutionary communication and contract system due to the inception of most modern computer and mobile communication system in our country.It is now very easy for the Government to established scientific monitoring systems and cells to keep constant observation data collection and exchange of information? s about the causes up and down, price level of important food items and essential commodities. According to our survey most of the people said the rate of price hike is quite fast. And the general publics can help the Government to remove this problem. Most of the people in Bangladesh can afford to meet their family essential commodities, but they said it was very tough.Surprisingly the upper class people are also by price hike. Most of the people agree to that if laws and regulation enforced properly, it is practically possible to reduce this price hike. And the general peoples can also play a big role to solve this problem. LIMITATIO N We had very little time to do that survey. If we had enough time we may go out of Dhaka to find the poorest people. We want to take the interview of the poorest people. We had also faced lots of obstacles, but after all of these obstacles finally We finished our research paper and we are quite satisfied about it.CONCLUSION Given the scenario in Bangladesh, any measure to control prices, barring one that addresses the syndicates, is bound to be band-aid-like a bit of eyewash. That is perhaps the first area where the government should focus in its bid to reduce the prices of essential items. But it is not possible for the Government to reduce this problem alone. The general people, the mass media everybody should came forward to help the Government to reduce this problem. Other wise the price of essential commodities will increase day by day. And nobody will able to control this problem.

Interviews and Interrogations Policy

Interviews and Interrogations Policy In the world of security, interviews, and interrogatorys play a key role in solving a slickness or putting a face to a crime committed. They trick be similar but they also expect several differences. Interviews and testings also come with good issues because of the air they ar conducted. Putting a security policy in place within the organization bathroom help guide security personnel when conducting interviews and interrogations. Interviews and InterrogationsSecurity interviews and interrogations atomic number 18 a way to gather knowledge and facts regarding a case. They both use forms of conversation to attain the most information from the person they ar public lecture to. Establishing a relationship on some level will help both an interview and interrogation. There are major differences between interviews and interrogations. Interviews and interrogations are two very different things. Suspects are interrogated observees are intervi ewed (Stephens, (n. d. ). Interviews Interviews are casual meetings with a person to forgather information regarding a case.The person world interviewed should feel relaxed in regularise to be open and willingly give information that will help the security officer on the case. They should take place as soon as possible so the expand are impertinently in the persons memory and an outside party cannot sway their thoughts. Interviews are used when lecture to victims, witnesses, and family members or friends. People being interviewed are normally open and willing to give information regarding the case or personnel under question if they do not believe they are being menace or intimidated.People being interviewed can help the security personnel gain insight and key details to piece to relieve oneselfher the bigger puzzle or possibly solving the crime. Respect, accuracyfulness, and an open-ended conversation should get the interview going in a positive direction and allow the int erviewee a chance to transport openly and share what they know. Interviews can turn into an interrogation at anytime if the security personnel feels that the person being interviewed has a role in the crime or is gives another reason for doubts. InterrogationsInterrogations are used to gain a acknowledgeion or attain details from a suspect regarding a crime. Interrogations use an accusatory tone by the interrogator to obtain a ration and can be perceived as hostile. Personnel being interrogated are usually unwilling to give information they know. Interrogators can use persuasion, confrontational tactics, and empathy to procure a confession from the perpetrator or attain more information about the crime. each(prenominal) interrogation is a two-way process in which the subjects are also depicting the interrogator.They will check opportunity if they sense any discomfort on the interviewers part. Therefore, within the statutory limits of what is permissible, everything about the interrogation, including the timing, should be specialise up to give the interviewer the upper hand and to make the subject feel at a outrage (McDonough, 2005). The Miranda Rights must be read in the first place beginning an interrogation to use the information given in court and to give the person being interrogated a chance at having a lawyer present. profound IssuesCoercing a confession or using forms of trickery during an interrogation can cause issues in a trial. There is a fine line between pressing for a confession when they know the truth and pressing for a confession when they are shooting from the hip. They adopt to have a fairly veritable belief that the person in question is at fault in some way or form to begin with hard pressing him or her for a confession. Telling a suspect that if they confess they are free to go or to show a suspect a false notify of any kind trying to implicate the suspect is also ways of falsely trying to compress a confession.Another le gal issue that could arise during an interview or interrogation is if the Miranda remedys are not read or broken any time after they are read and not having a create verbally waiver of rights. Detaining someone for an unreasonable amount of time or without reason is also frowned upon. Another legal issue can happen if security personnel questions a juvenile without their parent or legal guardian present. Security Policy for conducting Interviews and interrogations The first step before you start an interview or interrogation is to know the situation.Whoever will be asking the questions need to know what they are going to ask before they even get into the room. You need to do your research on the subject and the situation that the suspect/witness have found themselves in. When conducting interviews and interrogation you will not work alone. The main person conducting the interview and interrogation will always make sure there is someone present with them when they are asking questi ons. This is to curb that you have a witness to your questions and actions at all times. There will be a moving picture camera and listening device (if available) during the interview and interrogation process.Even if the interview or interrogation is being recorded, you should assert notes at all times. These notes will help if there is a glitch in the recording or the video and be able to quickly ask any follow-up questions at the end without reviewing the tape. At the end of the interview or interrogation, your main goal is to get a sworn written narration of what happened and why there was a security violation. Interview The purpose of an interview is to discover certain information about different things. Each situation is different That is why you need to know the situation before you go into the interview.In most interviews the facts have not came out yet. You are trying to discover the facts from the suspect or witness. During the interview, the reach of the room needs to remain calm so the interview can continue to hit forward. The purpose of the interview is to sustain the facts, so ask questions that will lead to getting the correct facts. When interviewing people, they are not always the main suspects, so do not treat them as if they are. Keep them talking until the facts are found. Once you have the facts, then begins the interrogation phase. InterrogationThe purpose of an interrogation is to find what happened and who had what role in the crime committed. You already have most of the facts so then you want to find out who did it. If you have the main suspect in the interrogation room you are working on getting them to confess to the security violation they committed. You need to gather your thoughts and prepare yourself before you enter the room and begin the interrogation. The setting in interrogations is strict, authoritative, and formal. You will be making accusations but do not coerce the suspect into a confession it may fall through l ater in court.You have the facts so you can cite the suspect of what you think they did. Continue talking to them about the situation. By continuing to talk to them and asking them the right question they will usually slip and tell you the truth. Once the truth is revealed and you have the right suspect, you need them to write down what happened in a sworn statement. Once the sworn statement is filled out, you behave the suspect or book them. Conclusion An investigator is often faced with a wide cut back of information when planning and conducting a suspect interview, such as statements from witnesses and victims, technical evidence (e. . DNA, fingerprints), information regarding the dispel and custody and soft information (e. g. rumors, tips from informers) (Hakkanen 2009). Even with all this information, sometimes catching the right person is a challenge. With the right questions asked to the right people, either in an interview or interrogation setting, you usually can find o ut the right answers. Be sure to always withhold yourself to high standards so that your integrity and actions are not questioned after a security interview or interrogation, and the case is not jeopardized.

Life of Pi analysis Essay

Life of Pi Life of Pi written by Yann Martel is an incredibly philosophical novel that tells the story of survival. Pi Patel, a young Indian boy, is faced against the out(predicate) when his familys boat is shipwrecked and he is left stranded in a alivenessboat with an interesting and potentially harmful aggroup of animals a zebra, an orangutan, a vicious hyena, and the magnificent Richard Parker, a Bengal tiger with a human like name. end-to-end the novel, due to his situation of beingness stranded, Pi had to take drastic measures in order to survive. Part of his demand to survive resulted in Pi giving up his egetarian ways.Slowly throughout the book, readers witness the transformation from Pis civil wipe outing habits to an animalistic devouring of nutrition . His transformation of eating habits leaves readers to question how, later reaching such(prenominal) a gruesome point, is Pi equal to yield to the life he lived pre-shipwreck, and return to his old eating habits as if nothing happened? In the beginning of the novel, it is quickly established that Pi was vegetarian. With being so close to the zoo keeping industry allowed Pi to develop a love and disposition for animals that many carnivorous eaters dont.His religion of Hinduism also played a part in Pis original eating habits. The strictness in his nutrition made it hard for Pi to, at graduation exercise, get accustomed to life on the sea. Imagine going from eating a strict vegetarian diet to being required to eat anything in plain sight Just to survive. Pis first scene where he breaks his vegetarian diets occurred a days after the shipwreck. After realizing that the sea is full of edible life forms, Pi makes an executive decision and decides that, in order to survive, he must eat aliment that would hold his vegetarian ways.After unsuccessfully using a leather hoe as bait for tip, Pi is disrupt by a school of flying angle. Luckily for P, some of the fish fall into the boat, make them re adily avail fitting for Pi and Richard Parker to eat. Being the animal that he is, Richard Parker does not hesitate to eat his sight of the fish. However the same does not go for P. Eating the fish meant doing what he considered to be the unthinkable. Pi proceeded with great deliberation (182) and unwrapped the fish carefully (182).It was apparent that killing the fish went against all of Pis morals because the closer the fish was to appearing, the more afraid and isgusted (182) he became. Pis contemplated a lot before making his decision because a lifetime of nonaggressive vegetarianism stood between and the willful decollate of a fish (183). After deciding that the best way to kill the fish was to break its neck, Pi had tears flowing down his cheeks (183). The simple killing of a fish left Pi in an emotional state. Now instead of an innocent sixteen year old boy, Pi was a killer whale and guilty of taking a life away.In other words, Pi now had blood on his pass on (183). Desp ite Pis utter disgust and emotional breakdown, he continued to fish using the dead fishs head as bait. As a result, Pi was able to attract the attention of a hungry Dorado bird. Once Pi realized that he had his next victim, he began to reel it in. However, the Dorado bird was not going to go down without a fight. Although it was a struggle for Pi to reel in the distressed bird, killing it was no problem (185). Pi beat the bird vigorously witha atc et n n . Unlike the tisn, Pi nad no issues witn killing the Dorado.He maintained emotionally stable and didnt really care whether or not the bird suffered while it was being beaten. At this point in the novel, readers begin to see how Pis eating habits are transformed. In such a short time, Pi went from weeping over the muffled killing of a flying fish to gleefully bludgeoning to wipeout of a Dorado (185). This is proof to the believe that a person can get utilize to anything (185) regardless of what it is. In Pis case, he got accustomed to killing. As time passes by, Pis eating habits only become more brutal. After discovering the simplicity in catching turtle, Pi began to eat them.More specifically, Pi butchered the turtles and drank the sweet lassi (212) that would spurt from the turtles neck. Not only did turtles become Pis favorite dish (212), but it also ate everything that urtles had to offer, whether it be their liver, heart, lungs, flesh, or intestine. Pis methods for killing the turtles and his behavior when eating the turtles showed how Pi was slowly transforming into a version of Richard Parker. His eating habits were becoming animalistic and they continued to worsen as Pi spent more time stranded out in the Pacific.In addition to ravenously eating his forego, Pis mood began to reflect the amount of food he ingested. Once Pis rations were gone, anything was good to eat (213). Instead of using his morals and aesthesis of reasoning, Pi would Just eat nything he could find, regardless of the taste. hori zontal Richard Parkers feces caused Pis mouth to water. Pis need for food numbed his mind from making reasonable decisions. In Pis mind, everything was edible, much like how animals perceive everything to be edible. On top of atrociously killing turtles, Pi began to kill exquisite sharks that would swim by the lifeboat.Instead of fishing for these sharks, Pi would catch the sharks with his bare hands (219) and eat their flesh. This sort of behavior Pi demonstrated further proves how his eating habits resemble those of Richard Parker. Whenever Pi would nominate the tiger its ortion of the prey, Richard Parker would attack immediately (219) by striking the animal with his forepaws. Similarly, Pi is beginning to attack his prey with his hands, and then devour it. Pi also reached a point where he, himself, realized how his eating habits resembled Richard Parkers.He became know of how low he had sunk when he compared his eating to the tigers. Both ate their food with a noisy, frantic, unchewing wolfing-down (225) nature. Even though at that point of Pis journey he seemed to have become a completely new individual, Pi still had some of his morals intact. When Pi became temporarily blind, a cut cook boarded the lifeboat and began to talk to him. At the time, Pi thought that he was talking to Richard Parker. Pi and the cook discussed food, and the cooks mess on food caused Pi to feel sick (245).Unbeknown to Pi, the cook was actually a man-eater and had every intention to eat Pl. Luckily for P, Richard Parker was there to save him by killing the French cook. However, although Pi was sickened by the thought of eating another human being, Pis actions following the death of the cook showed how hunger truly numbed his mind from remembering his morals and his vegetarian ways. After catching one of the cooks arms with the gaff (256), Pi used the Frenchmans body part as bait. Pis extreme need for food also drove him to eat some the mans flesh.Although the amount ot tlesn Pi ate was small and went nearly unnoticed (2 still ate the flesh of another human. That by definition is cannibalism. For Pi to go to such an extreme Just to satisfy his hunger confirms that he was willing to do anything to survive, even if it meant snub all of his religious and moral believes. Even if it meant that he had to become an animal, Pi was willing to do anything to survive. In the end, despite the food Pi was exposed to while stranded in the ocean, Pi did return to his peaceful life as a vegetarian.When the interviewer went to hear Pis incredible story, the interviewer made note of the particular that Pi was an excellent cook (25). Pi happily made the interviewer some vegetarian tacos and zesty macaroni and cheese. It would seem as if Pi never viciously slaughtered turtles or sharks, or had eaten the flesh of another human being. It was as if Pi had forgotten the horrid things that happened on the lifeboat. However, that was the case. Those memories were forever mprin ted in Pis memory, but Pi was able to move past the killings and continue with the lifestyle that truly made him happy and comfortable before his misfortunes.As Pi stated before, a person can get used to anything. In regards to his eating habits, at one time Pi returned back to normal civilization, he became accustomed to the habits he had before the shipwreck.